The theory of general relativity

The theory of general relativity is formed by Albert Einstein. It is one of the crowning achievements of the 20th-century physics. The theory was published in 1916, it focuses on the idea that what we believe as the force of gravity, in fact, derives from the curvature of space and time.

According to Einstein objects, for instance, the sun and the Earth change this geometry. With the presence of matter and energy, it can change, stretch and wrap, molding into ridges, mountains, and valleys that cause bodies moving through it to zigzag and curve. Hence, the Earth may seem as though it is pulled towards the sun with the help of gravity, there is no such force present. The thing which keeps the Earth pulled towards the sun is the geometry of space-time around the Sun that is telling the Earth how to move.  Furthermore, the theory of general relativity does not only explain the motion of the planets, rather it can also explain the history and expansion of the universe, the physics of the black holes and the bending of light from distant stars and galaxies.

The theory of general relativity is also known as GTR. Some of the ideas of general relativity differ from the ones of classical physics, which includes the passage of time, geometry of space, motion of bodies in free fall and the propagation of light. General relativity theory is the simplest theory that remains consistent no matter how many times it is tested. However, there are some unanswered questions regarding the theory, such as how general relativity can be reconciled with the laws of quantum physics to make a complete and consistent theory of quantum gravity.

The general theory of relativity has important astrophysical implications, for instance, it explains the existence of black holes as the conclusion for big stars. There is enough evidence to prove this theory. Due to the bending of light by gravity, the result will be the generation of the phenomenon of gravitational lensing, in which many images of the same distant astronomical object can be seen in the sky.

On the other hand, general relativity also the existence of gravitational waves, which have been noticed indirectly, a direct measurement is the goal of projects such as LIGO and ESA’s and various other pulsar timing arrays.

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